Vapor chamber



R. T. POLLOCK Oct. 13, 1931.

VAPOR CHAMBER Original Filed April 11, 1921 Faberf T 7 /70?! Patented Oct. 13, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ROBERT T. POLLOCK, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR- TO UNIVERSAL OIL PRODUCTS COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF SOUTH DAKOTA.

I VAPOR CHAMBER Application filed April 11, 1921, Serial No. 460,526. Renewed ctober 15, 1929.

' This invention relates to improvements in vapor chambers and refers more particularly to a-vaporizing chamber adapted to be used in connection with oil cracking appara- .5 tuses. Among the salient objects of the invention are toprovide a va orizing chamber in which the heated oil is introduced into an enlarged compartment where the releasedhas been heated to a cracking temperature in a heating zone and passed to a vaporizing chamber to permit the oil vapors to rise from the oil body, the carbon deposition which accompanies this vaporization of the oil is an objectionable feature in that it collects in the sides of the vapor chambers in considerable quantities and causes difliculties in that it plugs the drawofi residuum 'line and also insulates the oil body from the chamber in a manner to retard to a considerable extent the cracking reaction. v

The va orizing chamber shown' in the, drawings'is connected into a cracking sgetem, the line 1 controlled by .the valve 2 ing direct connected to the transfer line from the heating coils or othertype of heating 0 means which is used. The 011 after being through the line 1 and rises into the shell'3 of the vaporizing chamber through a vertical .pipe 4, the upper end of which has a turneddown portion 5, which is formed to cause the oil to be sprayed into the upper manifold pipe 6 through the open or cut-awa portion 7 in the upper surface of the mani old pipe. This spray or nozzle 5 is of a character that the oil is sprayed into the manifold in a fineheated to a cracking temperature is directed,

ly divided condition and the vapors which are released from the oil body as it is introduced to the vaporizing chamber rise and are drawn ofi through vapor line 8, and broken off portion, which is shown in the drawings.

- The vapors passing through this vapor line 5 are directed to condensing and collecting apparatus (not shown). The manifold 6 is fitted with removable end plates 9 which may be taken oif when the apparatus is to be cleaned. Direct-connectedto the manifold 6 in its lower surface are swedged' or otherwise tightly fitted the vertical drawofi pipes 10, WlllCl'l unitenear the bottom of the vaporizing chamber, to form a'single drawofi line 11, which is controlled bya valve 12 interposed therein. Any condensate which may collect in the chamber may be drawn off through the drain or reflux line 13 regulated by a valve 14 and may be returned to the raw Oll charging line to be treated again in the 7 heating zone or may be conducted to storage as desired. It has been found by producing a direct and continuous flow of considerable velocity through the residuum discharge line that the objectionable accumulation of carbonaceousmatter in the vaporizing chamber can be practically eliminated. v I By introducing he oil into the top of the vapor chamber through the spray nozzle 5 and there permitting the vaporized portion to pass off-through the vapor line 8 and at the same time, directing the residual products, together with the higher boiling pointv fractionsthrough a plurality of vertically arranged drain tubes" which unite to form a singlerse drawofi line, the gravity flow issu'flicient at all times to keep the residuum line free from any carbon accumulation. In addition to this, by enclosing these vertical drain lines in,

a vaporizing shell as shown, the heat of the residuum is concentrated and the heat may be utilized in turther distillation of a certain portion of relatively highboiling point oils which will be condensed from the vapors and collect in the vapor' chamber aboutthe vertically positioned drain, tubes. The utilization of heat in this residuum product is of importance as a very substantial' i amount of redistillation-will take place in the shell of. 1m

retrace thaevapog chamher ahout these vertical I claim as my invention:

1. In a vaporizing chamher, the comhination with a plurali of tubes counicating with an open liqud recepcle, located at least in part Wit the upper part of said vapor chamber, the part exterior thereof he in closed, ms for introducing the liquid w to vaporized to the liquid receptacle, and means forremoving the vaporized portion fromthfihu ultaneousl'y with the K drag ed of the unvaporized portion 40 said pipes to on h the tuhes.

2. in a va og chamher.,'the combination with a p urality of drain tuhes couni catin with an open receptacle, located at least in. part in the chamber the part exterior thereof hein closed, said tuhes extending W longitudinally o the chamher and uniting to form a single drain line. of a me for spra ing heated liquid into said open receptac e means for removing the vaporized ortions from the said open receptacle an vapor chamber, d means for draining the un vaporized portion from the receptacle through the tuhes, the heated li uid in said drain tubes constitutmg means or distillation of the liquid 'hody of oil maintained about the tubes. V

3. In a vertical va or and li%uid separating chamber, the com taxation 0 a receptacle disposed in the up portion of said ohher said receptace he an @m-u upper 35 portion, means for introducing liquid to said receptacle, drain pipes exteng downwardlK from the lower portion of said receptacle 1: rough the interior oi? said chamber, means for passing liquid'trom the lower ortions of rior of sai cher and a va a or outlet in the upper portion o said chum w RQBER'JP 'l. PLCK. 

